I
make no claims to be any great expert on the prison system. That
said, I reckon I know more than most. I have never been a prisoner
myself. Thankfully. However, I have been a visitor to lots of Scottish jails
over the years – Dumfries, Barlinnie, Addiewell, Polmont, Shotts.
And yes, I never lose the very particular feeling which runs up and
down my spine every time I make my way through the front door. And
yes, I never lose the feeling of huge surging relief when I step back
outside and light up to mix some craved nicotine in with a world's
worth of free air. And every time I thank my lucky stars to be doing
so.
Prisons
aren't great places. Nor should they be. Yet I have never failed to
be impressed by what I have found behind the razor wire. I firmly believe all institutions have their own particular feel. Their own
mood. We do lots of work in schools and it is never hard to tell the
badly run, failing school from the well managed, thriving school.
Hospitals are the same. Offices are the same. You pretty well know it
within five minutes of walking through the door.
You
form an impression from body language. Expressions. A tone of voice.
The way people interact with each other. The way they carry
themselves. There is a very particular body language dance when it
comes to oppressors and the oppressed. I saw it in on the streets of
the old East Germany and the occupied territories of the West Bank.
When one side holds all the weapons and all the power. When one side
is willing and ready to impose its rules with a baton or a rifle
butt. You can feel oppression in your bones. It seeps out of the
bricks.
Never
once have I had that feeling in a Scottish Prison. Not Polmont where
the young dafties were once sent. Not in Shotts where the lifers
count down the years.
A
few years ago, I would often hear complaints from clients released
from short term sentences for low level thieving. Three month
sentences and six weeks served. Out before there had been any kind of
rehabilitation programmes. And this always bugged me. The twenty year
guys in Shotts were taking degrees and learning all manner of skills.
The short term guys in Dumfries were barely processed before being
sent back out onto the streets.
One
client in particular would rant on about this. Andrew was a twenty
first century version of the Artful Dodger. With a clear head, he was
as good a thief as his Dickensian forerunner. With twenty or thirty
blue valium hurtling round a deep-fried brain, he was the worst
shoplifter in the world. He was always 100% convinced he was
invisible. Oops. He wasn't. Three months. Four months. The cycle. The
revolving door.
When
they let him out, he would invest £10 of his liberation grant on a
soothing tenner back of smack before heading our way to rage against
the system. Every time they locked him up, he would put his name down
for reading and writing classes. And every time he neared the top of
the list, they would let him back out again. Andrew was one of the
smartest lads I have ever met. In a parallel universe, he could have
been a barrister, a City wide boy, more or less anything. He had been
a bad boy from the age of eight and played far too much truant to
ever stand a chance of learning to read and write properly. By the
time he became a First Base regular, he regretted this and was
determined to put it right. He saw jail time as his best chance of
learning and he often wished he could be locked up for longer.
Hell, I wished they could have locked him up for longer. A full year served would have been enough to clear his brain of valium and heroin. A full year served might have been enough for his huge IQ to be properly reflected by newly acquired reading and writing skills. A year served might have been enough to get him clear of his endlessly chaotic life.
Hell, I wished they could have locked him up for longer. A full year served would have been enough to clear his brain of valium and heroin. A full year served might have been enough for his huge IQ to be properly reflected by newly acquired reading and writing skills. A year served might have been enough to get him clear of his endlessly chaotic life.
Sadly
he never served a full year and he died of an overdose before he made it
to twenty five.
This
doesn't happen any more. Thankfully the Edinburgh Government has
chosen to completely ignore the 'lock em up and throw away the key
brigade' of the Daily Mail. Now, nickel and dime offenses mean
community service time which almost always leads to less
re-offending. There is a new rule of thumb. If a sentence is going to
mean less than a year served, Sheriffs are strongly urged to go down
the community service route and avoid jail time.
This
is good news on all kind of different levels. As a taxpayer, I am
delighted my money is not being wasted. Every time we send the likes
of Andrew off for a short sentence, it costs us £5000 a month. For
what? It makes them much more likely to re-offend and ensures the
jails are packed like
sardine tins. Every bit of research tells us prison is the punishment
most likely to breed serial offenders. Of course, the Mail and its
grey-haired readers care nothing for research. Experts are so last
year in Brexit Britain. They want people locked up regardless. The
Westminster Government always doffs its cap to the Daily Mail.
Thankfully, the Edinburgh Government tends to give them the finger.
Three cheers to that.
Now
jails are largely reserved for the more serious offenders. This means
they are seldom overcrowded. This means there is less tension. The
prison management gets the chance to undertake rehabilitation work
rather than trying to keep a lid on the ever present likelihood of a
riot.
This
hasn't always been the case. Not remotely so. In pre-devolution times
when Scottish jails were run from London, north of the border prisons
were among the most notorious. The likes of Barlinnie and Peterhead
outdid category 'A' Texan prisons when it came to wall to wall
brutality. In 1935, twice as many inmates died in Peterhead than in
Hitler's newly opened Dachau.
A
few months ago, the Prison warders in England went out on strike.
They reached an 'enough is enough' moment. Too much violence. Too
many rats. Too little training. Too many drugs. Too much lockdown.
Too little rehabilitation. Their workplace had become a living
nightmare on the back of endless cuts.
They
found themselves in the midst of a perfect storm. The Westminster Government slashed the prison budget by 40% whilst at the same time pandering to
the demands of the tabloid press and locking up more and more
convicts. As conditions descended into a pit of unmanageable
violence, filth, and squalor, the warders could see the writing on the wall.
They were working in places which were about to explode.
At
that time I was in and out of the local jail seeing clients. I asked
the warders if they were considering strike action themselves? No.
Things are different up here. We don't have those problems up here.
And
they were proved right. As the English prisons slid ever further into
a fetid pit of violence, self-harm, and suicide our Scottish jails
have retained a relative calm.
So
are we spending a whole lot more money on our jails? No. So why is
there such a chasm of difference? I guess the full answer to such a
question is well above my pay grade. That said, a few things seem
pretty bloody obvious.
We
haven't traveled the dreaded privatisation road. We have only one
privatised jail – Kilmarnock. And it is our worst nick by a mile.
We have three clients who went into Kilmarnock having never touched a
hard drug in their lives only to emerge a few months later as full
blown heroin addicts.
Next
up, our probation service is still a proper probation service, not a
privatised mess. Our probation workers are experienced
professionals who have the time and resources to do rehabilitation
rather than box ticking.
Our
system is based on a rather quaint idea. You find out what is working
best and you do more of it. And you find out what isn't working well
and you do less of it. One is tempted to say 'Duh!' It's obvious,
right? Well, not to the London Government. Instead of deploying
common sense, they choose instead to do what the screaming headlines
of the Daily Mail demand of them.
And
time and again they wheel out identikit ministers to extol the
virtues of the private sector and they actually seem genuinely
surprised when everything starts to go to hell in a handcart. It
really is ridiculously simple when you give it a minute's thought.
Any business looks to achieve maximum turnover and minimum costs.
This means maximum profits, happy shareholders and eye-watering
bonuses for the Board. When you transplant this mentality into the
prison system, it soon becomes an accident waiting to happen. The business
wants as many prisoners as possible to generate as much revenue as
possible. They also want to spend as little as possible on keeping
these prisoners. Worse food. More lockdown. Warders
earning 60% of the salaries of their Public sector counterparts.
In this world, prisoners soon become nothing more than units: units worth £60,000 a year. Nice money if you can get it, right? In America, they have a newly minted term for this. They call it the Prison Industrial Complex.
In this world, prisoners soon become nothing more than units: units worth £60,000 a year. Nice money if you can get it, right? In America, they have a newly minted term for this. They call it the Prison Industrial Complex.
Is
this why the tabloids are so keen to get four cons into every English
cell? Where else can you make £240,000 a year's worth of gross
profit out of a space of 10 foot by 6 foot? Not even Belgravia
property gives that kind of return.
So
here we are yet again. As the evening news is filled with horror
stories about English jails, nobody is pointing out just how
different things are north of the border. Just imagine if it was the
other way round! Bloody hell. The BBC would be running ten-hour
specials. Every night. Sophie Rowarth would be living out of tent
pitched by the Barlinnie gates.
Why
are we so bloody awful at shouting from the rooftops? At stating the
obvious in such a way the obvious cannot be ignored? Why are our
leaders so scared to point out just how much better our schools,
hospitals, and prisons are when compared to those south of the
border? When will we stop acting like a frightened colony and grow a
pair?
So
come on guys. It's time to grit your teeth and get out of the comfort
zone. If we do things better than England, we need to say it: shout
it. And stop the endless cap doffing and politeness.
Nobody
ever got themselves free of London rule by making nice.